إنطلاق مركبة فضاء أوروبية يابانية إلى عطارد تستغرق 7 سنوات
انطلقت مركبة فضاء أوروبية يابانية في رحلة صعبة تستمر سبع سنوات إلى كوكب عطارد أصغر كواكب المجموعة الشمسية وأقلها استكشافا.
وبحسب وكالة استكشاف الفضاء اليابانية فقد أقلعت بعثة بيبي كولومبو، وهي ثالث بعثة فقط تزور عطارد، من الميناء الفضائي الأوروبي في جيانا الفرنسية على متن صاروخ أريان 5 الساعة 10:45 مساء يوم الجمعة بالتوقيت المحلي (0145 يوم السبت بتوقيت جرينتش).
وقال المدير العام لوكالة الفضاء الأوروبية يان فيرنر في بيان ”إطلاق بيبي كولومبو إنجاز ضخم لوكالة الفضاء الأوروبية ووكالة استكشاف الفضاء اليابانية وسيكون هناك الكثير من النجاحات العظيمة“.
وأضاف ”إلى جانب إكمال الرحلة الصعبة، ستعود هذه البعثة بمكسب كبير للعلم“.
وزار عدد قليل من مركبات الفضاء كوكب عطارد بسبب قربه من الشمس، إذ يبعد عنها أقل من 60 مليون كيلومتر بينما تبعد الأرض عنها نحو 150 مليون كيلومتر، مما يجعل انطلاق أي رحلة إلى هناك تحديا.
ويمكن أن تزيد درجات الحرارة على سطح الكوكب على 400 درجة مئوية صباحا وتنخفض إلى سالب 170 درجة مئوية ليلا.
وستخرج المركبة بيبي كولومبو، المسماة تيمنا بعالم الرياضيات والمهندس الإيطالي جوزيبي (بيبي) كولومبو الذي عاش في القرن العشرين، من مجال جاذبية الأرض بعد عام ونصف العام ثم تزداد سرعتها خلال الرحلة.
وستمر المركبة بكوكب الزهرة مرتين ثم تحلق مرورا بعطارد ست مرات قبل أن تدخل إلى مداره في ديسمبر كانون الأول 2025 تقريبا.
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